Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of vitamin D

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that is red, swollen, and painful, but does not have blisters. Which degree of burn is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

First-degree burn

Question 3

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for actively dividing cells and contains melanocytes?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 4

A surgeon makes an incision parallel to cleavage (tension) lines in the skin. What is the expected outcome?

Accepted Answer

The incision will heal more readily with less scarring

Question 5

Which pigment is produced by melanocytes and protects keratinocyte DNA from UV damage?

Accepted Answer

Melanin

Question 6

A patient with pale skin and low blood pressure is exhibiting which skin color variation?

Accepted Answer

Pallor

Question 7

Which type of sweat gland is most numerous and plays a major role in thermoregulation?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine sweat gland

Question 8

Which cell type in the epidermis acts as a sensory receptor for touch?

Accepted Answer

Tactile epithelial cell (Merkel cell)

Question 9

A patient has a skin lesion that is asymmetrical, has irregular borders, multiple colors, and is larger than 6 mm. Which skin cancer is most likely and what rule is being applied?

Accepted Answer

Melanoma; ABCDE rule

Question 10

Which layer of the dermis is responsible for fingerprints and enhances gripping ability?

Accepted Answer

Papillary dermis

Question 11

If a patient has burns covering 30% of their body, which type of burn is considered critical according to the rule of nines?

Accepted Answer

Second-degree burns

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of lamellar granules in the stratum granulosum?

Accepted Answer

They secrete a water-resistant glycolipid to slow water loss

Question 13

Which of the following equations best represents the calculation for the percentage of body surface area burned using the rule of nines?

Accepted Answer

$$Total\ Burned\ Area\ (\%) = \sum_{regions} Region\ Percentage$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a metabolic function of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of collagenase to aid in natural turnover of collagen

Question 15

Which structure anchors the skin to underlying muscles and provides insulation and shock absorption?

Accepted Answer

Hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue)

Question 16

A patient presents with a yellowish skin tone. Which underlying condition is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Liver disorder (jaundice)

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between eccrine and apocrine sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine glands secrete watery sweat for thermoregulation, while apocrine glands secrete sweat with added proteins and fatty substances

Question 18

Which cell type in the epidermis is responsible for immune defense by ingesting foreign substances?

Accepted Answer

Dendritic (Langerhans) cell

Question 19

Which of the following is true regarding third-degree burns?

Accepted Answer

They destroy the entire thickness of the skin and may require skin grafting

Question 20

Which pigment accumulates in the stratum corneum and subcutaneous tissue and can be converted to vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

Carotene

The Integumentary System: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

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