Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic vessels in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They return excess tissue fluid and plasma proteins to the bloodstream.

Question 2

A patient presents with swelling in their lower limbs due to fluid accumulation in the tissues. Which malfunction of the lymphatic system most likely explains this condition?

Accepted Answer

Failure of lymphatic vessels to pick up excess interstitial fluid

Question 3

Which lymphatic structure is responsible for filtering blood, destroying worn-out red blood cells, and acting as a blood reservoir?

Accepted Answer

Spleen

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the flow of lymph through a lymph node?

Accepted Answer

Afferent vessel → sinuses → efferent vessel

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of the inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

Promotes the spread of infection to nearby tissues

Question 6

A child receives a vaccine and later develops immunity to the disease without experiencing symptoms. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired active immunity

Question 7

Which immunoglobulin class is most abundant in plasma and can cross the placental barrier?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 8

A patient is diagnosed with an autoimmune disease in which their immune system attacks the myelin sheath of neurons. Which disease is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why a person with type A blood cannot safely receive type B blood?

Accepted Answer

Type A blood contains anti-B antibodies that attack B antigens on transfused cells.

Question 10

Which of the following is a key difference between the innate and adaptive immune systems?

Accepted Answer

The adaptive system has memory, while the innate system does not.

Question 11

Which process describes the movement of neutrophils through capillary walls to reach sites of inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Diapedesis

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of helper T cells in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They recruit and stimulate other immune cells by releasing cytokines.

Question 13

A patient receives an injection of antibodies after exposure to rabies. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of complement proteins in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They form membrane attack complexes that lyse target cells.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action for cytotoxic (killer) T cells?

Accepted Answer

They release perforin and granzymes to induce apoptosis in target cells.

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of delayed hypersensitivity reactions?

Accepted Answer

They involve T cells, macrophages, and cytokines, with symptoms appearing 1–3 days after exposure.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why immunosuppressive therapy is necessary after an organ transplant?

Accepted Answer

To prevent the recipient’s immune system from attacking the transplanted organ

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life example of passive immunity?

Accepted Answer

A newborn receives antibodies from breast milk.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the adaptive immune response?

Accepted Answer

They engulf antigens and present fragments to T cells for activation.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why elderly individuals are more susceptible to infections and autoimmune diseases?

Accepted Answer

Their immune response efficiency decreases with age.

The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses: Structured Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards