Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the lymphatic system in relation to the circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

It returns interstitial fluid to the bloodstream, maintaining blood volume.

Question 2

A patient receives a vaccine containing inactivated viral particles. Which type of immunity is primarily stimulated by this process?

Accepted Answer

Artificially induced active immunity

Question 3

Which of the following cell types is responsible for immune surveillance and can attack cancer cells without prior sensitization?

Accepted Answer

Natural Killer (NK) cells

Question 4

A child is born without a thymus gland. Which aspect of their immune system will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Development and maturation of T cells

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why a person who has recovered from measles is unlikely to contract the disease again?

Accepted Answer

Memory B and T cells provide immunologic memory for measles antigens.

Question 6

Which class of antibody is primarily found in glandular secretions such as saliva, tears, and mucus, and is important for preventing pathogen entry?

Accepted Answer

IgA

Question 7

A patient develops an allergic reaction to penicillin. This is most likely due to:

Accepted Answer

Penicillin acting as a hapten, binding to a carrier molecule and triggering an immune response.

Question 8

Which of the following is a key difference between Class I and Class II MHC proteins?

Accepted Answer

Class I MHC proteins present antigens to CD8 T cells, while Class II present to CD4 T cells.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the process of antigen presentation?

Accepted Answer

Antigen fragments are displayed on the plasma membrane bound to MHC proteins.

Question 10

A patient with a ruptured spleen requires a splenectomy. Which of the following is a likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Decreased ability to filter pathogens from the blood.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of helper T cells (CD4 T cells) in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They stimulate activation and function of both T cells and B cells by secreting cytokines.

Question 12

Which of the following is a property of adaptive immunity that allows for a faster and stronger response upon second exposure to the same antigen?

Accepted Answer

Immunologic memory

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why the thymus decreases in size and function with age (a process called involution)?

Accepted Answer

The thymus becomes increasingly fibrous, reducing T cell production.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the activation of cytotoxic T cells (CD8 T cells)?

Accepted Answer

Antigen recognition → costimulation → activation and cell division

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

They filter lymph, removing 99% of pathogens before returning fluid to the bloodstream.

Question 16

A person receives antibodies for rabies after being bitten by a potentially rabid animal. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Artificially induced passive immunity

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the red pulp in the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Removal of abnormal red blood cells by phagocytosis

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue)?

Accepted Answer

It protects epithelia of digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts from pathogens and toxins.

Question 19

Which of the following is the first class of antibody secreted after an antigen is encountered, and is responsible for the anti-A and anti-B antibodies in blood?

Accepted Answer

IgM

Question 20

A patient with a genetic defect in MHC protein synthesis would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Impaired antigen presentation and reduced activation of T cells

The Lymphatic System and Immunity: Structured Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards