Question 1

Which of the following best describes the three basic functions of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining fluid balance, absorbing dietary fats, and providing immune defense

Question 2

Lymph is produced as a result of fluid movement from blood capillaries into interstitial spaces. Which equation best represents the net filtration pressure ($$NFP) $$that drives this process?

Accepted Answer

$$NFP = (HP_c - HP_i) - (OP_c - OP_i)$$

Question 3

Which region is drained by the thoracic duct?

Accepted Answer

Left upper limb, left side of head and thorax, and both lower limbs

Question 4

A patient presents with swelling in their left leg after lymph node removal. What is the most likely cause of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Lymphedema due to impaired lymphatic drainage

Question 5

Which of the following best distinguishes lymphatic vessels from small veins?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic vessels contain valves and transport lymph, while veins transport blood

Question 6

Which structure is responsible for absorbing dietary fats in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Lacteals

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a main group of tonsils?

Accepted Answer

Cecal tonsils

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the spleen is correct?

Accepted Answer

The spleen is located in the left upper quadrant and filters blood

Question 9

Which immune cell is primarily responsible for organ or tissue transplant rejection?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Innate immunity is nonspecific and present at birth, while adaptive immunity is specific and develops after exposure

Question 11

A child receives a vaccine for measles. Which type of immunity is being acquired, and what is the expected outcome?

Accepted Answer

Artificial active immunity; memory cells produced

Question 12

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of immunocompetent T cells ($$N_{IC}$$), total T cells ($$N_T$$), and self-reactive T cells ($$N_{SR}) $$after selection in the thymus?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{IC} = N_T - N_{SR}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the complement system in immunity?

Accepted Answer

Enhancing phagocytosis, promoting inflammation, and lysing pathogens

Question 14

Which cell type is particularly at risk for infection by the HIV virus?

Accepted Answer

Helper T cells

Question 15

A patient develops appendicitis. Which complication is most likely if the appendix ruptures?

Accepted Answer

Peritonitis

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Pallor

Question 17

Which equation best represents the calculation of fever threshold ($$T_{fever}) in $$the hypothalamus if normal body temperature ($$T_{normal}) is 37$$°C and pyrogens increase the threshold by $$\Delta T$$?

Accepted Answer

$$T_{fever} = T_{normal} + \Delta T$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of secreted antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Binding to antigens, neutralizing toxins, and marking pathogens for destruction

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a hapten becoming an antigen?

Accepted Answer

A small molecule binds to a larger protein, forming a complex that triggers an immune response

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why active immunity results in lifelong protection against an antigen?

Accepted Answer

Active immunity produces memory cells that respond rapidly to future exposures

The Lymphatic System and Immunity: Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards