Q: Which of the following equations best represents the relationship in a lever system where a small force moves a large load (mechanical advantage)?

$$F_1$$ \times $$d_1$$ = $$F_2$$ \times $$d_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of connective tissue layers in a skeletal muscle, from innermost to outermost?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium, perimysium, epimysium, fascia

Question 2

A patient presents with difficulty abducting their arm at the shoulder joint. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid (central portion)

Question 3

Which lever system in the human body is most commonly associated with a mechanical disadvantage, requiring more force to move a load?

Accepted Answer

Third-class lever

Question 4

During forced expiration, which muscles are primarily responsible for depressing the rib cage?

Accepted Answer

Internal intercostal muscles

Question 5

A muscle that originates from the sternum and clavicle and inserts into the mastoid process of the temporal bone is responsible for which of the following actions?

Accepted Answer

Rotating the head toward the opposite shoulder

Question 6

Which muscle is known as the 'boxer’s muscle' due to its role in protracting the scapula during a punch?

Accepted Answer

Serratus anterior

Question 7

A patient is unable to extend their leg at the knee joint. Which muscle group is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Quadriceps femoris

Question 8

Which of the following muscles is the main agonist for flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint?

Accepted Answer

Brachialis

Question 9

Which muscle group is primarily responsible for plantar flexion of the foot and forms the Achilles (calcaneal) tendon?

Accepted Answer

Triceps surae (gastrocnemius and soleus)

Question 10

A muscle that acts as a fixator during a movement serves which primary function?

Accepted Answer

Holds a bone in place to increase movement efficiency and reduce injury risk

Question 11

Which muscle is responsible for elevating the mandible and is a thick, bandlike muscle originating from the zygomatic arch?

Accepted Answer

Masseter

Question 12

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

Teres major

Question 13

A muscle that encircles an opening, such as the mouth or eye, and constricts it when contracted is classified as which muscle shape?

Accepted Answer

Circular (sphincter)

Question 14

Which muscle is the main agonist for dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle joint?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis anterior

Question 15

If a person has difficulty maintaining urinary continence due to muscle weakness, which muscle group is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Levator ani muscles of the pelvic diaphragm

Question 16

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexing the trunk, and is divided into sections by tendinous insertions that create the 'six-pack' appearance?

Accepted Answer

Rectus abdominis

Question 17

A patient is unable to smile symmetrically. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Zygomaticus major

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the action of the superior oblique muscle of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Rotates the eye inferiorly and laterally

Question 19

Which muscle group is responsible for extending the thigh and flexing the leg at the knee joint?

Accepted Answer

Hamstrings

Question 20

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship in a lever system where a small force moves a large load (mechanical advantage)?

Accepted Answer

$$F_1$$ 	imes $$d_1$$ = $$F_2$$ 	imes $$d_2$$

The Muscular System: Structure, Function, and Major Muscle Groups

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