Question 1

Which of the following is a primary function of the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining posture

Question 2

Cardiac muscle tissue is uniquely characterized by which of the following features?

Accepted Answer

Striations, branching fibers, and intercalated discs

Question 3

A patient has a disorder affecting the intercalated discs in their heart muscle. Which process is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Synchronous contraction of cardiac muscle cells

Question 4

Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for slow, sustained, and tireless contractions in the walls of hollow organs?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle

Question 5

Skeletal muscle fibers are described as multinucleated and striated. What is the functional significance of these characteristics?

Accepted Answer

They allow for rapid, voluntary, and strong contractions

Question 6

During muscle contraction, which proteins slide past each other to shorten the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

Actin and myosin

Question 7

A muscle is attached to two bones at different points. The attachment to the immovable bone is called the:

Accepted Answer

Origin

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of calcium ions ($\mathrm{Ca^{2+}}$) in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

They bind to troponin, exposing binding sites on actin

Question 9

At the neuromuscular junction, which neurotransmitter is released to stimulate muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 10

A muscle that moves a limb away from the midline of the body is performing which type of movement?

Accepted Answer

Abduction

Question 11

Which structure is the smallest functional contractile unit of a skeletal muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

Sarcomere

Question 12

A patient is unable to flex their elbow. Which muscle action is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Flexion

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why skeletal muscle fibers contain many mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To provide ATP for sustained muscle activity

Question 14

Which connective tissue layer surrounds individual muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 15

A muscle named 'sternocleidomastoid' is named based on which criteria?

Accepted Answer

Location of origin and insertion

Question 16

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between force ($F$), mass ($m$), and acceleration ($a$) during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

$$F = m 	imes a$$

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other, shortening the sarcomere

Question 18

A muscle that flexes the foot closer to the shin is performing which movement?

Accepted Answer

Dorsiflexion

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between a tendon and an aponeurosis?

Accepted Answer

A tendon is a cord-like structure, while an aponeurosis is a sheet-like structure

Question 20

If a muscle is named 'flexor carpi radialis,' what does this indicate about the muscle?

Accepted Answer

It flexes the wrist on the radial side

The Muscular System: Structure, Function, and Types of Muscle Tissue

Study Guide - Practice Questions