Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

To control and communicate information throughout the body using electrical impulses

Question 2

A patient presents with rapid heart rate, dilated pupils, and increased sweating after a car accident. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is most likely activated?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for integrating sensory input and deciding what should be done at each moment?

Accepted Answer

Brain

Question 4

Neurons that carry impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system are classified as:

Accepted Answer

Sensory (afferent) neurons

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

It is formed by the least permeable capillaries in the body

Question 6

A nerve impulse is initiated when a stimulus causes a rapid change in membrane potential. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization

Question 7

Which equation best represents Ohm's Law as applied to nerve conduction?

Accepted Answer

$I = V \div R$

Question 8

Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for facial expressions and taste on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve (VII)

Question 9

A patient is unable to move their lower limbs and has lost control of their bladder after a spinal injury. Which condition does this most likely describe?

Accepted Answer

Spina bifida

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why vitamin A deficiency can lead to night blindness?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A is required for the formation of rhodopsin in rod cells

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the flow of information in a simple reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Receptor → Sensory neuron → Integration center → Motor neuron → Effector

Question 12

Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for regulating heart rate and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Medulla oblongata

Question 13

A patient with glaucoma is at risk for vision loss due to increased pressure in the eye. What is the most likely cause of this increased pressure?

Accepted Answer

Blockage of aqueous humor drainage

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of interneurons?

Accepted Answer

They connect sensory and motor neurons within the CNS

Question 15

Which equation describes the relationship between the speed of light in a vacuum ($c$), the speed of light in a medium ($v$), and the refractive index ($n$) of the medium, as relevant to vision?

Accepted Answer

$n = c \div v$

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Promotes digestion and energy conservation

Question 17

A patient is diagnosed with conduction deafness. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Excessive earwax blocking the external auditory canal

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Coordinates voluntary muscle movements and balance

Question 19

Which of the following is a homeostatic imbalance that results from incomplete formation of the vertebral column, often leading to protrusion of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Spina bifida

Question 20

Which of the following statements about chemoreceptors is correct?

Accepted Answer

They respond to chemical stimuli, such as those involved in taste and smell

The Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Special Senses

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