Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

To coordinate and integrate body activities by transmitting electrical and chemical signals

Question 2

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the right arm. Which division of the nervous system is most directly responsible for transmitting sensory information from the arm to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Afferent division of the peripheral nervous system

Question 3

Which supporting cell of the nervous system is primarily responsible for forming the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 4

Which structural feature distinguishes a multipolar neuron from a bipolar neuron?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neurons have one axon and multiple dendrites, while bipolar neurons have one axon and one dendrite

Question 5

Which term refers to a bundle of axons in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Tract (fascicle)

Question 6

A peripheral nerve is composed of several fascicles. Which connective tissue layer surrounds each individual fascicle?

Accepted Answer

Perineurium

Question 7

The resting membrane potential of a neuron is typically around $$-70\ 	ext{mV}. $$Which ion is most responsible for maintaining this potential?

Accepted Answer

Potassium ($$	ext{K}^+)$$

Question 8

Which factor increases the velocity of action potential propagation along an axon?

Accepted Answer

Presence of myelin sheath

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a chemical synapse?

Accepted Answer

Release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft

Question 10

A neuron receives multiple excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) from different presynaptic neurons at the same time. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Spatial summation

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter is classified as both excitatory and inhibitory depending on the receptor type?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 12

Which division of the brain is primarily responsible for higher cognitive functions such as reasoning and memory?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrum

Question 13

Which layer of the cranial meninges is closest to the brain tissue?

Accepted Answer

Pia mater

Question 14

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced by which structure in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Choroid plexus

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Prevents entry of most pathogens and toxins while allowing selective transport of nutrients

Question 16

Which tract in the spinal cord carries sensory information from the body to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Ascending tract

Question 17

Which component of a reflex arc is responsible for transmitting the response to the effector organ?

Accepted Answer

Motor neuron

Question 18

Which cranial nerve is responsible for vision?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (II)

Question 19

Which plexus is responsible for innervating the upper limb?

Accepted Answer

Brachial plexus

Question 20

Which neurotransmitter is released by cholinergic fibers in the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

The Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Organization

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