Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

To act as the master control and communication system using electrical impulses

Question 2

A patient is unable to consciously control their skeletal muscles but retains normal heart and digestive function. Which division of the nervous system is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system

Question 3

Which of the following correctly matches the structural and functional classification of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral nervous system: includes cranial and spinal nerves

Question 4

A reflex arc involves which of the following elements in the correct order?

Accepted Answer

Receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector

Question 5

Which of the following best explains the process of depolarization during the generation of a nerve impulse?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ions move into the neuron, making the inside more positive

Question 6

A patient presents with rapid heart rate, dilated pupils, and increased blood pressure after a stressful event. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is primarily responsible for these responses?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division

Question 7

Which cranial nerve is responsible for conducting sensory impulses for vision from the retina to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (II)

Question 8

A person is unable to move their tongue properly and has difficulty speaking. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

It selectively allows certain substances to pass while blocking others to protect the brain

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with hydrocephalus. Which of the following best explains the underlying problem?

Accepted Answer

Blockage of cerebrospinal fluid drainage, leading to increased pressure

Question 11

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the speed of light in different media and the refractive index, as it applies to the eye?

Accepted Answer

$$n = \frac{c}{v}$$

Question 12

A person with damage to the cochlea is most likely to experience which type of hearing loss?

Accepted Answer

Sensorineural deafness

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of chemoreceptors in the special senses?

Accepted Answer

They respond to chemical substances in solution

Question 14

A patient is unable to coordinate voluntary muscle movements and has a loss of balance. Which region of the brain is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system are considered antagonistic?

Accepted Answer

They have opposite effects on the same organs

Question 16

A person with strabismus (crossed eyes) is unable to coordinate the movement of both eyes. Which structure is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

External eye muscles

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the transmission of sound from the external environment to the cochlea?

Accepted Answer

Auricle → tympanic membrane → ossicles → oval window → cochlea

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

Acts as a relay station for sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex

Question 19

A patient with multiple sclerosis experiences muscle weakness and loss of coordination. Which of the following best explains the underlying cause?

Accepted Answer

Destruction of the myelin sheath around neurons

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of interneurons in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

They connect sensory and motor neurons within the CNS

The Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Special Senses

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