Question 1

Which of the following best explains why human gametes must be haploid?

Accepted Answer

To prevent the doubling of chromosome number in each generation after fertilization.

Question 2

Which of the following accurately describes the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis results in four genetically unique haploid cells, while mitosis produces two identical diploid cells.

Question 3

A patient presents with a mutation that prevents the formation of the corpus luteum. Which phase of the ovarian cycle would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Luteal phase

Question 4

Which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle?

Accepted Answer

Progesterone

Question 5

During spermatogenesis, which of the following correctly describes the chromosome number in secondary spermatocytes?

Accepted Answer

Haploid (n)

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

It stores and matures sperm cells.

Question 7

A woman is unable to produce prolactin after childbirth. Which of the following is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

She will be unable to produce milk in the mammary glands.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events during fertilization and early development?

Accepted Answer

Capacitation → Zygote formation → Cleavage → Morula → Implantation

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) during early pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates the corpus luteum to continue secreting progesterone.

Question 10

A newborn takes its first breath after birth. Which physiological change is most directly responsible for the closure of the foramen ovale in the heart?

Accepted Answer

Increase in left atrial pressure

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of the placenta?

Accepted Answer

Protection of the fetus from all pathogens

Question 12

Which of the following correctly matches the extraembryonic membrane with its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Yolk sac – early blood cell formation

Question 13

Which phase of the uterine cycle is characterized by the rebuilding of the functional layer of the endometrium, and which hormone is primarily responsible for this process?

Accepted Answer

Proliferative phase; estrogen

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the positive feedback mechanism of true labor?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions, which increase cervical stretch, leading to more oxytocin release.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct order of the three stages of labor?

Accepted Answer

Dilation stage → Expulsion stage → Placental stage

Question 16

Which of the following best explains how lactation can prevent ovulation in postpartum women?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin suppresses the release of GnRH, reducing FSH and LH secretion.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?

Accepted Answer

Support and nourish developing sperm cells

Question 18

Which region of the uterine tube is the typical site of fertilization?

Accepted Answer

Ampulla

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of oxytocin during lactation?

Accepted Answer

Triggers milk ejection (letdown) from the mammary glands

Question 20

A patient has a blockage in the ductus deferens. Which of the following is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Sperm cannot be transported from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.

The Reproductive System and Human Development: Study Guide

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