Question 1

Which of the following best explains why gametes must be haploid rather than diploid?

Accepted Answer

Haploid gametes ensure that after fertilization, the zygote has the correct diploid number of chromosomes.

Question 2

Which of the following structures is responsible for the production of testosterone in the testes?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial (Leydig) cells

Question 3

During spermatogenesis, which event is characterized by the transformation of spermatids into mature spermatozoa?

Accepted Answer

Spermiogenesis

Question 4

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating milk ejection (letdown) during lactation?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Question 5

A patient presents with a blockage in the ductus deferens. Which process would be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Transport of sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces two genetically identical diploid cells, while meiosis produces four genetically unique haploid cells.

Question 7

Which phase of the ovarian cycle is characterized by the presence of a corpus luteum and high levels of progesterone?

Accepted Answer

Luteal phase

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the placenta during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Exchange of nutrients and wastes between mother and fetus

Question 9

A newborn takes its first breath after birth. Which physiological change occurs as a direct result?

Accepted Answer

Closure of the foramen ovale in the heart

Question 10

Which hormone is produced by the syncytiotrophoblast and is used as the basis for most pregnancy tests?

Accepted Answer

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the positive feedback mechanism during true labor?

Accepted Answer

Uterine contractions stimulate oxytocin release, which increases the strength and frequency of contractions.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the vagina?

Accepted Answer

Production of oocytes

Question 13

Which extraembryonic membrane forms the basis of the umbilical cord and is involved in early blood cell formation?

Accepted Answer

Yolk sac

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of prolactin during lactation?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates milk production by the mammary glands

Question 15

Which phase of meiosis is characterized by the separation of homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase I

Question 16

A woman is in the follicular phase of her ovarian cycle. Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating follicle development during this phase?

Accepted Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct sequence of the three stages of labor?

Accepted Answer

Dilation, expulsion, placental

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the epididymis?

Accepted Answer

Site of sperm maturation and storage

Question 19

Which of the following hormones drops significantly in concentration in a postpartum woman?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen and progesterone

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct order of the three phases of the uterine (menstrual) cycle?

Accepted Answer

Menstrual, proliferative, secretory

The Reproductive System and Human Development: Study Guide

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