Question 1

Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for producing spermatozoa and requires a temperature 1°C below body temperature for optimal function?

Accepted Answer

Testes

Question 2

A patient presents with infertility due to a blockage preventing sperm from reaching the urethra. Which structure, if blocked, would most directly prevent sperm from being ejaculated?

Accepted Answer

Vas deferens

Question 3

Which gland contributes approximately 60% of the seminal fluid and provides a transport medium for sperm?

Accepted Answer

Seminal vesicle

Question 4

During the process of ejaculation, which muscle contracts to propel sperm through the vas deferens?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle in the vas deferens

Question 5

Which hormone is primarily responsible for triggering ovulation in the female reproductive cycle?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Question 6

What is the main function of the corpus luteum during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle?

Accepted Answer

To secrete progesterone to maintain the endometrial lining

Question 7

A woman’s endometrial lining is shed monthly if fertilization does not occur. Which layer is shed during menstruation?

Accepted Answer

Endometrium

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of the fimbriae in the female reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

They waft the egg from the ovary into the fallopian tube

Question 9

If a male patient has a deficiency in testosterone, which of the following effects is LEAST likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Increased production of oestrogen

Question 10

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the viability of gametes after ovulation and ejaculation?

Accepted Answer

Sperm can retain fertilizing power for 24-48 hours after release

Question 11

A patient is diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which symptom is most likely due to the anatomical relationship of the prostate gland?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty urinating due to compression of the urethra

Question 12

Which phase of the menstrual cycle is characterized by regeneration and thickening of the endometrial lining under the influence of oestrogen?

Accepted Answer

Proliferative phase

Question 13

Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for both urine and semen transport?

Accepted Answer

Urethra

Question 14

A woman is born with all the ovarian follicles she will ever have. Approximately how many follicles are present at birth, and how many typically mature during her lifetime?

Accepted Answer

About 1 million at birth; 400-500 mature

Question 15

Which hormone is released from the anterior pituitary to stimulate the growth of ovarian follicles during the follicular phase?

Accepted Answer

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of the bulbo-urethral glands?

Accepted Answer

They secrete a lubricating mucus into the urethra

Question 17

A zygote is formed after fertilization. Which statement about the zygote is correct?

Accepted Answer

It contains the same number of chromosomes as the parent cells

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of testosterone in males?

Accepted Answer

Initiating ovulation

Question 19

Which phase of the ovarian cycle is directly associated with the highest levels of progesterone?

Accepted Answer

Luteal phase

Question 20

A patient has a mutation that prevents the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH). Which of the following is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Failure of ovulation

The Reproductive System: Structure, Function, and Regulation

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