Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the respiratory passageways in order from the nose to the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Nose → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli

Question 2

Which structure is NOT part of the conducting zone of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Question 3

Which of the following is a primary function of the nasal conchae?

Accepted Answer

Increase surface area to warm, moisten, and filter incoming air

Question 4

Which mechanism is used by the respiratory system to protect against dust and bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Ciliated epithelium and mucus trap and move particles out of the airways

Question 5

Which structure prevents food from entering the lower respiratory tract during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottis

Question 6

Which region of the pharynx is located posterior to the nasal cavity and contains the pharyngeal tonsil?

Accepted Answer

Nasopharynx

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of the larynx?

Accepted Answer

Provides a passageway for air and produces sound

Question 8

Which histological feature distinguishes the trachea from the bronchioles?

Accepted Answer

Presence of C-shaped cartilage rings in the trachea

Question 9

Which statement about the respiratory membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It consists of alveolar epithelium, capillary endothelium, and their fused basement membranes

Question 10

Which equation best represents the relationship between pressure, volume, and ventilation according to Boyle’s Law?

Accepted Answer

$$P_1$$ $$V_1$$ = $$P_2$$ $$V_2$$

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the pleurae of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

The pleurae reduce friction and help maintain lung inflation

Question 12

What is the primary function of surfactant in the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Reduces surface tension to prevent alveolar collapse

Question 13

A patient with damaged alveolar type II cells would most likely experience which problem?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty keeping alveoli open due to lack of surfactant

Question 14

Which respiratory muscle is primarily responsible for inspiration?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 15

During forced expiration, which muscles are actively involved?

Accepted Answer

Internal intercostals and abdominal muscles

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between the upper and lower respiratory tract histology?

Accepted Answer

Upper tract has ciliated pseudostratified epithelium; lower tract transitions to simple squamous epithelium

Question 17

A child inhales a peanut, which structure is most likely to prevent it from entering the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottis

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the paranasal sinuses?

Accepted Answer

Lighten the skull and help resonate sound

Question 19

Which structure forms the boundary between the oropharynx and laryngopharynx?

Accepted Answer

Hyoid bone

Question 20

If the elasticity of the lungs decreases, what effect would this have on ventilation?

Accepted Answer

Ventilation would become more difficult, requiring more effort to exhale

The Respiratory System: Structure and Function (Chapter 22 Study Guide)

Study Guide - Practice Questions