$$P_1$$ \times $$V_1$$ = $$P_2$$ \times $$V_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following is the PRIMARY function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Removal of carbon dioxide from the body

Question 2

Why does lightheadedness occur when you hold your breath for an extended period?

Accepted Answer

Because carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase, affecting blood pH

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for trapping particulate matter as air enters the nasal cavity?

Accepted Answer

Nasal hairs and mucus

Question 4

What is the role of surfactant in the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

To decrease the surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse

Question 5

Which law explains the relationship between pressure and volume in the thoracic cavity during breathing?

Accepted Answer

Boyle's Law

Question 6

If the atmospheric pressure is 760 mmHg and the pressure in the thoracic cavity drops to 755 mmHg, what will happen?

Accepted Answer

Air will flow into the lungs

Question 7

Which cartilage forms the 'Adam's apple' and provides structural support to the larynx?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid cartilage

Question 8

What is the function of the cilia in the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

To move mucus and trapped particles toward the pharynx

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents Boyle's Law?

Accepted Answer

$$P_1$$ 	imes $$V_1$$ = $$P_2$$ 	imes $$V_2$$

Question 10

During inspiration, which of the following events occurs?

Accepted Answer

The thoracic cavity volume increases, causing intrapulmonary pressure to decrease

Question 11

Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottis

Question 12

What is the effect of increased surface tension in the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

It increases the risk of alveolar collapse

Question 13

Which of the following best describes Dalton's Law?

Accepted Answer

The total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the right and left primary bronchi?

Accepted Answer

The right primary bronchus is more vertical and wider than the left

Question 15

What is the main reason why CO2 is a more important chemical to measure in the blood than O2?

Accepted Answer

CO2 levels affect blood pH more significantly than O2

Question 16

Which of the following equations represents Dalton's Law for a mixture of gases?

Accepted Answer

$$P_{total} = P_{O_2$} + P_{CO_2$} + P_{N_2$}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the larynx?

Accepted Answer

It produces sound and prevents food from entering the trachea

Question 18

A patient with respiratory distress syndrome is most likely lacking which substance in their alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Surfactant

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct sequence of airflow through the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the respiratory membrane is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

It is very thin to allow rapid gas exchange

The Respiratory System: Structure, Function, and Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions