Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the epiphyseal plate in long bones during childhood?

Accepted Answer

It allows for lengthwise growth of the bone by continuously forming new cartilage that is later replaced by bone.

Question 2

A patient presents with a break in the femur that penetrates through the skin. Which type of fracture does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Open (compound) fracture

Question 3

Which of the following bones is classified as a flat bone?

Accepted Answer

Sternum

Question 4

During bone remodeling, which two types of cells are primarily responsible for breaking down and building bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Question 5

A 70-year-old woman is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following best explains why her bones are more susceptible to fractures?

Accepted Answer

Her bones have become fragile due to decreased bone mass and density.

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of the paranasal sinuses?

Accepted Answer

They lighten the skull and give resonance and amplification to the voice.

Question 7

A young child falls and breaks her humerus. During the healing process, what is the correct sequence of events for bone repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma forms, fibrocartilage callus forms, bony callus forms, bone remodeling

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between the male and female pelvis?

Accepted Answer

The female pelvis is lighter, shallower, and has a larger, more circular inlet.

Question 9

Which of the following joints is classified as a synovial joint and allows for free movement?

Accepted Answer

Shoulder joint

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with gouty arthritis. What is the underlying cause of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the microscopic structure known as an osteon (Haversian system)?

Accepted Answer

A unit of bone containing a central canal and concentric rings of matrix

Question 12

Which bone is the only bone in the body that does not articulate with another bone, and what is its function?

Accepted Answer

Hyoid bone; serves as a moveable base for the tongue and aids in swallowing and speech

Question 13

A 10-year-old child has a skull that is large compared to the rest of the body. Which of the following best explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

The fetal skull is proportionally larger to allow for brain growth, and the cranium reaches near adult size by age 8 or 9.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of appositional growth in bones?

Accepted Answer

Bones grow in width by adding new bone tissue to the surface.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bone type and example?

Accepted Answer

Flat bone – Rib

Question 16

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is experiencing joint deformities. What is the primary mechanism behind this disease?

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune attack on the synovial membrane leading to chronic inflammation

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the vertebral column has both primary and secondary curvatures?

Accepted Answer

Primary curvatures are present at birth (thoracic and sacral), while secondary curvatures (cervical and lumbar) develop after birth to support head lifting and walking.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of Sharpey's fibers in bone anatomy?

Accepted Answer

They secure the periosteum to the underlying bone.

Question 19

A 25-year-old athlete suffers a torn ligament in the knee. Which of the following best describes the role of ligaments in the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

They connect bones to other bones at joints, providing stability.

Question 20

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between bone mass, bone formation, and bone resorption during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Bone Mass} = 	ext{Bone Formation} - 	ext{Bone Resorption}$

The Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Anatomy

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