Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 2

Approximately what percentage of the body's calcium ions are stored in bones?

Accepted Answer

$98\%$

Question 3

Which structure forms the outer lining of bone and is involved in bone growth and repair?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Question 4

Hydroxyapatite crystals in bone are primarily responsible for which property?

Accepted Answer

Resistance to compression

Question 5

If a patient has a deficiency in collagen fibers within their bone matrix, which of the following symptoms would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

Bones would become brittle and fracture easily under tension

Question 6

Which type of bone cell is responsible for maintaining the protein and mineral content of the bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes

Question 7

A patient with overactive osteoclasts would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Release of calcium and phosphate ions into the blood

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the process of ossification?

Accepted Answer

The conversion of cartilage cells into bone cells

Question 9

During endochondral ossification, what is the primary event that occurs at the secondary ossification center?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts migrate into the epiphysis and replace cartilage with bone

Question 10

Which hormone stimulates osteoclast activity and increases calcium ion absorption from the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Question 11

A patient with a fracture in the epiphyseal region of a long bone is at risk for which complication?

Accepted Answer

Impaired bone length growth

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why astronauts experience loss of bone mineral density in space?

Accepted Answer

Bones require mechanical stress to maintain mass

Question 13

Which type of fracture is characterized by the bone breaking only on one edge while the other edge bends?

Accepted Answer

Greenstick fracture

Question 14

What is the primary function of the medullary cavity in the diaphysis of long bones?

Accepted Answer

Storage of yellow marrow

Question 15

Which process increases the diameter of a developing bone by adding bone matrix to the surface?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth

Question 16

If the thyroid gland releases excess calcitonin, what effect would this have on blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Blood calcium levels would decrease

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It provides a route for circulatory and nervous supply to the bone

Question 18

A patient with osteoporosis is most likely experiencing which of the following cellular changes?

Accepted Answer

Loss of osteoclast control leading to increased bone resorption

Question 19

Which equation best represents the conversion of calcium phosphate to hydroxyapatite in bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$5Ca_3(PO_4)_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \rightarrow Ca_{10}(PO_4)_6(OH)_2$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of canaliculi in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They allow for the exchange of nutrients and waste between osteocytes and blood capillaries

The Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Osseous Tissue

Study Guide - Practice Questions