Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of tight junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They prevent the passage of materials between adjacent epithelial cells.

Question 2

A tissue sample from the lining of the small intestine is examined under a microscope. The cells are arranged in a single layer, are taller than they are wide, and have nuclei near the base. Which type of epithelial tissue is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 3

Which of the following statements about epithelial tissues is correct?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissues have a high rate of mitosis, allowing for rapid regeneration.

Question 4

A patient has a tumor in the lining of their stomach. The tumor is due to an abnormal increase in the number of cells. Which term best describes this process?

Accepted Answer

Hyperplasia

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a membrane type and its location?

Accepted Answer

Serous membrane – lines the abdominal cavity

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why epithelial tissues are avascular?

Accepted Answer

They receive nutrients and oxygen by diffusion from underlying connective tissues.

Question 7

A biopsy reveals a tissue with multiple layers of flat cells. Which function is this tissue most likely specialized for?

Accepted Answer

Protection against abrasion

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the extracellular matrix (ECM) of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It consists of protein fibers and ground substance that surround the cells.

Question 9

Which type of muscle tissue is both involuntary and non-striated?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle

Question 10

A patient’s tissue sample shows a change from one mature epithelial type to another due to chronic irritation. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Metaplasia

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of gap junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They allow direct communication between adjacent cells.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct description of superficial fascia?

Accepted Answer

Layer of connective tissue between skin and underlying tissues

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a general function of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of hormones

Question 14

A tissue sample is composed of cells that are closely packed with very little extracellular matrix, and the cells are attached to a basement membrane. Which tissue type is this?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between hypertrophy and hyperplasia?

Accepted Answer

Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size; hyperplasia is an increase in cell number.

Question 16

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between tissue mass ($M$), cell number ($N$), and average cell size ($S$) in a tissue undergoing both hyperplasia and hypertrophy?

Accepted Answer

$M = N 	imes S$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the basal surface of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

It is attached to the underlying connective tissue via the basement membrane.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of a serous membrane and its location?

Accepted Answer

Pleural membrane – lines the lungs

Question 19

A tissue sample from the trachea shows cells that appear to be in multiple layers, but all cells touch the basement membrane. What is this tissue called?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why connective tissues are generally vascular?

Accepted Answer

They contain blood vessels that supply nutrients and remove waste.

Tissue Basics: Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, and Muscle Tissues

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