Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of simple squamous epithelium in the alveoli of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Rapid diffusion of gases due to its thin barrier

Question 2

A tissue sample from the esophagus shows multiple layers of cells with the most superficial cells being flat and alive, kept moist by secretions. Which type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 3

Which connective tissue type is most abundant in tendons and ligaments, and why does it take a long time to heal?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue; because it is poorly vascularized

Question 4

Which of the following is a function of adipose tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Physical protection and energy storage

Question 5

A patient has a genetic defect affecting the protein elastin. Which tissue type would most likely be compromised?

Accepted Answer

Elastic connective tissue

Question 6

Which equation best represents the relationship between the total volume $$V of $$ground substance in a connective tissue sample, the concentration $$c of $$ground substance per unit volume, and the total mass $$m of $$ground substance?

Accepted Answer

$$m = V 	imes c$$

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why cartilage injuries heal slowly?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular and relies on diffusion for nutrient delivery

Question 8

Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for voluntary movement and is characterized by striations and multinucleated cells?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle tissue

Question 9

A histology slide shows cells with long processes, a central cell body, and multiple smaller branches. Which tissue type is this, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Nervous tissue; transmission of electrical impulses

Question 10

Which body membrane lines compartments that open to the external environment and performs absorptive, protective, and secretory functions?

Accepted Answer

Mucous membrane

Question 11

Which of the following is true about transitional epithelium?

Accepted Answer

It is found lining the urinary bladder and can stretch as the bladder fills

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of fibrocartilage in intervertebral discs?

Accepted Answer

Provides flexible support and withstands compression

Question 13

Which equation correctly expresses the relationship between the number of nuclei $$n in a $$skeletal muscle fiber, the number of nuclei per unit length $$d$$, and the total length $$L of $$the fiber?

Accepted Answer

$$n = d 	imes L$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of cardiac muscle tissue that distinguishes it from skeletal muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Cells are connected by intercalated discs and are involuntary

Question 15

Which connective tissue type forms the stroma (supportive framework) of lymphatic organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Reticular connective tissue

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of bone tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storage of minerals such as calcium and phosphorus

Question 17

Which type of gland releases its secretions directly into the bloodstream and does not use ducts?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine gland

Question 18

A patient presents with a disorder affecting the basement membrane between the epithelium and underlying connective tissue. Which of the following functions would most likely be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Selective permeability and structural support of the epithelium

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of platelets in blood?

Accepted Answer

Clotting of blood to prevent excessive bleeding

Question 20

Which equation best represents the total area $$A$$ covered by epithelial cells, given the number of cells $$N$$ and the average area $$a of $$each cell?

Accepted Answer

$$A = N 	imes a$$

Tissue Organization: Structure and Function in Anatomy & Physiology

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