Question 1

Which embryonic germ layer gives rise to both the epidermis and the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Ectoderm

Question 2

A patient suffers a burn that destroys the epithelial tissue lining the trachea. Which of the following is a primary function that will be compromised?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of mucus to trap microorganisms

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of tight junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They prevent substances from passing between adjacent cells.

Question 4

During embryonic development, which germ layer is responsible for forming muscle and bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Mesoderm

Question 5

A researcher is studying a tissue that lines the inside of the stomach and is involved in secretion and absorption. Which tissue type is she most likely examining?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 6

Which of the following statements about epithelial tissue is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue covers both external and internal surfaces of the body.

Question 7

If a mutation prevents the formation of desmosomes in epithelial cells, which of the following would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

Cells would be more likely to separate under mechanical stress.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Conduction of electrical impulses

Question 9

A tissue sample is observed to have cells joined by gap junctions. What is the primary function of these junctions?

Accepted Answer

Allowing direct communication and passage of ions between cells

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why epithelial tissue must be constantly renewed?

Accepted Answer

It is exposed to frequent physical and chemical stress, leading to rapid cell loss.

Question 11

A scientist is studying the embryonic origin of tissues. She notes that the lungs and digestive tract lining are derived from which germ layer?

Accepted Answer

Endoderm

Question 12

Which of the following equations best represents the number of possible cell types ($n$) that can be formed from a single totipotent zygote after $d$ rounds of cell division, assuming each division doubles the number of cells and all cells remain totipotent?

Accepted Answer

$n = 2^d$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the basal lamina in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

A specialized extracellular matrix that anchors epithelial cells to underlying connective tissue

Question 14

A patient with a genetic defect in anchoring junctions (hemidesmosomes) would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Blistering of the skin due to poor attachment of epithelial cells to the basement membrane

Question 15

Which of the following is a key difference between simple and stratified epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Simple epithelium consists of a single layer of cells, while stratified epithelium has multiple layers.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why epithelial tissue is avascular?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial cells are too tightly packed to allow blood vessels to penetrate.

Question 17

A tissue sample is found to have cells that are highly polarized, with distinct apical and basal surfaces. Which tissue type is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in tissue repair after injury?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation → Proliferation → Remodeling

Question 19

If a mutation disrupts the formation of gap junctions in cardiac muscle, which physiological process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Transmission of electrical impulses between muscle cells

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of the apical surface of an epithelial cell?

Accepted Answer

It faces the lumen or external environment and is specialized for absorption or secretion.

Tissue Types and Injury: Structure, Origin, and Function of Epithelial Tissue

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