Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It surrounds the cells and can be thick, gel, fluid, or solid, providing structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells.

Question 2

A patient suffers a deep cut that damages the epithelial tissue of the skin. Which process is most likely to occur during the initial phase of tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

Regeneration, where new epithelial cells replace the damaged ones.

Question 3

Which type of epithelial tissue is best suited for rapid diffusion and is found lining the alveoli of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 4

A gland that secretes its product by exocytosis without losing any part of the cell is classified as which type of gland?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine gland

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of adipose (fat) tissue?

Accepted Answer

Stores energy, insulates the body, and cushions organs

Question 6

A histological sample shows tissue with tightly packed bundles of collagen fibers, few blood vessels, and is found in tendons. Which type of connective tissue is this?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular, so it lacks a direct blood supply for nutrient delivery and waste removal.

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Accepted Answer

It consists of a single layer of cube-shaped cells with large, spherical central nuclei.

Question 9

A patient with chronic inflammation is found to have elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in their blood. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

There is an ongoing acute inflammatory response in the body.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of gap junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They allow direct communication between adjacent cells by permitting the passage of ions and small molecules.

Question 11

Which type of connective tissue is most abundant and functions to attach skin to underlying structures, fill spaces, and surround/support organs?

Accepted Answer

Areolar connective tissue

Question 12

A 45-year-old patient is diagnosed with carcinoma. Which of the following best describes carcinoma?

Accepted Answer

A malignant tumor that arises from epithelial tissue and can metastasize.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the basement membrane in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

It attaches the epithelium to underlying connective tissue.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between hypertrophy and hyperplasia?

Accepted Answer

Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size, while hyperplasia is an increase in cell number.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why bone tissue is stronger but less flexible than cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Bone tissue contains a strong mineralized matrix of calcium and phosphate salts, while cartilage contains more flexible collagen and proteoglycans.

Question 16

A tissue sample shows cells that are multinucleated, striated, and under voluntary control. Which type of muscle tissue is this?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of mast cells in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

They release histamine and other chemicals during inflammation.

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of transitional epithelium?

Accepted Answer

It changes appearance as it stretches and recoils without damage.

Question 19

A patient with a genetic defect in gap junctions would most likely have problems with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Cell-to-cell communication and coordination of activity between adjacent cells.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of fibrosis during tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

Formation of scar tissue, typically involving connective tissue.

Tissues: Structure, Function, and Classification in Human Anatomy & Physiology

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