Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main purpose of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

To produce identical cells to increase tissue growth or repair

Question 2

During meiosis, how many daughter cells are produced from one parent cell, and what is their ploidy?

Accepted Answer

Four haploid cells

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 4

What is the chemical formula for glucose, and what do the letters and numbers represent?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$: 6 carbon, 12 hydrogen, 6 oxygen atoms

Question 5

Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 6

Which process involves the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 7

What is the correct sequence of the cell cycle phases for a typical somatic cell?

Accepted Answer

G1, S, G2, M

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Joining two monomers together by removing a water molecule

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a major element found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Helium

Question 10

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Lose water and shrink

Question 11

Which of the following statements about DNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA encodes the instructions for protein synthesis

Question 12

Which cellular process is responsible for the synthesis of proteins from mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Translation

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the skin beyond protection?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 14

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient via a protein channel

Question 15

Which of the following is true about the products of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

They are genetically identical to the parent cell

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a positive feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting

Question 17

Which of the following statements about meiosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It produces four genetically unique haploid cells

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 20

Which of the following is a major factor affecting skin pigmentation?

Accepted Answer

Amount of melanin produced by melanocytes

Unit 1 Study Guide: Foundations of Anatomy & Physiology, Cell Division, and Chemistry

Study Guide - Practice Questions