Question 1

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

Standing, facing forward, arms at the sides with palms facing forward

Question 2

A patient is lying face up on an examination table. What is the correct term for this position?

Accepted Answer

Supine

Question 3

Which directional term describes a structure that is farther away from the trunk of the body?

Accepted Answer

Distal

Question 4

A nurse is assessing a wound that is toward the surface of the skin. Which term best describes the location of the wound?

Accepted Answer

Superficial

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct definition of physiology?

Accepted Answer

The science that studies the function of the body

Question 6

Which prefix in medical terminology means 'slow'?

Accepted Answer

Brady-

Question 7

What is the root word in 'nephrectomy' and what does it refer to?

Accepted Answer

'nephro', referring to the kidney

Question 8

Which acronym stands for a heart attack?

Accepted Answer

MI

Question 9

A patient is placed in High Fowler's position. What is the angle of the bed?

Accepted Answer

$$90^\circ$$

Question 10

Which anatomical plane divides the body into right and left sections?

Accepted Answer

Sagittal plane

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a correct pairing of anatomical cavity and its contents?

Accepted Answer

Pelvic cavity – kidneys

Question 12

Which of the following elements accounts for the largest percentage of body weight?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen (O)

Question 13

What is the smallest particle of an element that still maintains all the characteristics of that element?

Accepted Answer

Atom

Question 14

Which of the following best describes an ion?

Accepted Answer

An atom with a positive or negative electrical charge

Question 15

A solution has a pH of 5. What does this indicate about the solution?

Accepted Answer

It is acidic

Question 16

Which buffer system is primarily responsible for maintaining acid-base balance in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system

Question 17

If a patient has a blood pH of 7.30, which condition are they experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Acidosis

Question 18

Which electrolyte is primarily found inside the cell and is essential for nerve impulse transmission?

Accepted Answer

Potassium (K+)

Question 19

A patient with hypokalemia is likely to have which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why water moves toward solutes such as sodium in the body?

Accepted Answer

Water follows solutes due to osmosis

Unit I: Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology and Chemistry of the Body

Study Guide - Practice Questions