Which statement accurately evaluates the energy requirements and directionality of active versus passive transport?

• A. Active transport requires energy and moves molecules against their gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves molecules with their gradient.
• B. Neither active nor passive transport requires energy, and both move molecules against their gradient.
• C. Active transport does not require energy and moves molecules with their gradient, while passive transport requires energy and moves molecules against their gradient.
• D. Both active and passive transport require energy to move molecules with their gradient.

Answer: (A)