How does ATP hydrolysis facilitate primary active transport?

• A. ATP hydrolysis directly binds to the molecules being transported, pulling them across the membrane.
• B. ATP hydrolysis neutralizes the charge of ions, allowing them to pass through the membrane without resistance.
• C. ATP hydrolysis provides the energy needed to change the conformation of transport proteins, allowing them to move molecules against their concentration gradient.
• D. ATP hydrolysis creates a pore in the membrane through which molecules can pass freely.

Answer: (C)