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Gibbs Free Energy definitions

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  • Gibbs Free Energy
    Energy in a system available to perform work, influenced by enthalpy, temperature, and entropy changes.
  • Equilibrium
    State where reactant and product concentrations remain constant and forward and reverse reaction rates are equal.
  • Reaction Quotient
    Ratio of product to reactant concentrations at any moment, used to predict reaction direction outside equilibrium.
  • Equilibrium Constant
    Ratio of product to reactant concentrations at equilibrium, used to determine reaction spontaneity under standard conditions.
  • Standard Conditions
    Controlled environment with 25°C, 1 atm pressure, and 1 M concentrations, used for comparing reactions.
  • Physiological Conditions
    Variable conditions found in living systems, often differing from laboratory standards and affecting reaction spontaneity.
  • Gas Constant
    Physical constant used in thermodynamic equations, with values dependent on unit choice, such as 8.315 J/mol·K.
  • Natural Logarithm
    Mathematical function applied to equilibrium constant or reaction quotient in Gibbs free energy calculations.
  • Endergonic Reaction
    Process with positive Gibbs free energy, requiring energy input and being non-spontaneous under given conditions.
  • Exergonic Reaction
    Process with negative Gibbs free energy, releasing energy and occurring spontaneously under given conditions.
  • Glycolysis
    Metabolic pathway breaking down glucose into pyruvate, involving reactions with variable Gibbs free energy.
  • Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
    Intermediate in glycolysis, serving as a reactant in reactions analyzed for Gibbs free energy changes.
  • Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate
    Product in glycolysis reactions, used in calculating equilibrium and reaction quotients for free energy analysis.
  • Spontaneity
    Characteristic of a reaction determined by Gibbs free energy, indicating whether a process occurs without external input.
  • Enthalpy
    Thermodynamic quantity representing heat content, contributing to Gibbs free energy calculations.