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Nucleic Acids 3 definitions

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  • Chargaff's Rules
    Principles stating equal amounts of adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine in double-stranded DNA, ensuring purine-pyrimidine balance.
  • Adenine
    A purine base in DNA that pairs with thymine, contributing to the molecule's structural stability and genetic coding.
  • Thymine
    A pyrimidine base in DNA that forms hydrogen bonds with adenine, maintaining base pair specificity.
  • Guanine
    A purine base in DNA that pairs with cytosine, playing a key role in genetic information storage.
  • Cytosine
    A pyrimidine base in DNA that forms complementary pairs with guanine, crucial for genetic fidelity.
  • Purine
    A nitrogenous base category in DNA, including adenine and guanine, characterized by a double-ring structure.
  • Pyrimidine
    A nitrogenous base category in DNA, including thymine and cytosine, recognized by a single-ring structure.
  • Double Helix
    The spiral structure of DNA consisting of two intertwined strands, forming the basis of genetic material.
  • Photo 51
    An X-ray crystallography image by Rosalind Franklin, revealing DNA's helical structure and base spacing.
  • X-ray Crystallography
    A technique used to visualize molecular structures, instrumental in uncovering DNA's double helix.
  • Major Groove
    A wide region in the DNA double helix where proteins commonly interact for gene regulation.
  • Minor Groove
    A narrow region in the DNA double helix, occasionally used by specific proteins for molecular interactions.
  • Single Bond
    A chemical linkage in DNA's backbone and nucleotides, providing flexibility to the molecule.
  • Anti Conformation
    A prevalent spatial arrangement of DNA bases, where the base is oriented away from the sugar.
  • Nucleotide
    A DNA building block composed of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base, forming the genetic code.