Question 1

Which of the following best describes the general empirical formula for most simple carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_n(\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O})_n$$

Question 2

Which of the following statements about monosaccharides is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

They are the simplest carbohydrates and cannot be hydrolyzed into smaller carbohydrates.

Question 3

Which functional group is present in all aldoses but not in ketoses?

Accepted Answer

Aldehyde group ($$-CHO)$$

Question 4

Which of the following is a non-reducing disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 5

A patient is unable to digest lactose due to a deficiency in the enzyme lactase. Which monosaccharides will be absent from their blood after consuming milk?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and galactose

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why glucose, galactose, and fructose have the same molecular formula but different properties?

Accepted Answer

They differ in the arrangement of functional groups around their chiral carbons.

Question 7

Which of the following polysaccharides is the main storage form of carbohydrate in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 8

Which of the following statements about glycosidic bonds is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They are covalent bonds formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between alpha ($$\alpha) $$and beta ($$\beta) $$anomers of glucose?

Accepted Answer

The position of the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon in the ring structure.

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a disaccharide and its monomer units?

Accepted Answer

Lactose: galactose and glucose

Question 11

A scientist is analyzing a carbohydrate with the formula $$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6. It $$reacts with Benedict's reagent to give a positive result. Which of the following could it be?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of cellulose in plants?

Accepted Answer

It provides structural support to plant cell walls.

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic of reducing sugars?

Accepted Answer

They contain a free hemiacetal or hemiketal group.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why sucrose is a non-reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Both anomeric carbons are involved in the glycosidic bond, preventing a free hemiacetal group.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of the D and L designations in sugars?

Accepted Answer

They refer to the orientation of the hydroxyl group on the highest-numbered chiral carbon.

Question 16

Which of the following is a five-membered ring structure commonly found in monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Furanose

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process by which two monosaccharides are joined to form a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis, releasing a molecule of water

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of a polysaccharide and its biological function?

Accepted Answer

Starch: energy storage in plants

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the solubility of monosaccharides is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are soluble in water due to their multiple hydroxyl groups.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of ribose in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

It is a structural component of nucleic acids.

Carbohydrates: Structure, Classification, and Biological Importance

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