Question 1

Which of the following best explains why fluorine (F) is much more reactive than iodine (I) according to Coulomb’s law and the shell model?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine’s valence electrons are closer to the nucleus and experience a stronger attraction due to a higher effective nuclear charge, making it more reactive.

Question 2

Which of the following molecules has the highest boiling point: benzene, toluene, or phenol? Explain your reasoning based on intermolecular forces.

Accepted Answer

Phenol, because it can form hydrogen bonds due to its –OH group, leading to stronger intermolecular forces.

Question 3

Given the Lewis structure for SiCl$$_2$$, what is the steric number (number of electron groups) around the silicon atom, and what is the molecular geometry?

Accepted Answer

Steric number = 3; molecular geometry = trigonal planar

Question 4

Which of the following bonds is the most polar, based on the electronegativity values provided: C–H, N–H, O–H, or C–O?

Accepted Answer

O–H

Question 5

What is the dominant intermolecular force in liquid ammonia (NH$$_3$$)?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the interaction between the side chains of two cysteine amino acids in a protein?

Accepted Answer

Disulfide (covalent) bond

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct condensed structural formula for isopropanamine?

Accepted Answer

(CH$$_3$$)$$_2$$CHNH$$_2$$

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why it is easier to remove a valence electron from a fluorine atom than a core electron, according to Coulomb’s law?

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons are farther from the nucleus and experience less electrostatic attraction.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the molecule with the following bond-line structure: (see image 2, middle structure)?

Accepted Answer

2-methylbutane

Question 10

Which of the following functional groups is present in both threonine and phenylalanine?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid ($$-COOH)$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the interaction between the side chains of glutamic acid and lysine in a protein?

Accepted Answer

Ionic (electrostatic) attraction

Question 12

What is the correct formula for dinitrogen tribromide?

Accepted Answer

N$$_2Br$_3$$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the geometry and bond angle around the nitrogen atom in aniline?

Accepted Answer

Trigonal planar, 120$$^\circ$$

Question 14

Which of the following molecules is polar?

Accepted Answer

NH$$_3$$

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why sodium (Na) forms a +1 ion and chlorine (Cl) forms a –1 ion when forming NaCl?

Accepted Answer

Na loses one electron to achieve a noble gas configuration, and Cl gains one electron to achieve a noble gas configuration.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct name for the compound with the formula $$\mathrm{NH_4OH}$$?

Accepted Answer

Ammonium hydroxide

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the dominant intermolecular force in phenol?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct formula for barium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

Ba(OH)$$_2$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the effect of increasing the charge on ions in an ionic compound, according to Coulomb’s law?

Accepted Answer

The force of attraction increases.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the molecule with the formula $$\mathrm{C_5H_{12}}$$ and the structure shown as a cross (see image 2, rightmost structure)?

Accepted Answer

2,2-dimethylpropane

Chem 107 Exam 2 Study Guide – Biochemistry Concepts and Practice

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