Question 1

Which of the following best describes reciprocal regulation in metabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

Activation of one pathway, while suppressing the opposite pathway

Question 2

Given the reaction $$A + B \rightarrow C$$ with $$\Delta G'^{\circ} = -20 kJ/$$mol at 25°C, what can be predicted about the equilibrium concentrations?

Accepted Answer

At equilibrium, the concentration of C will be much greater than the product of the concentrations of A and B

Question 3

Which of the following statements about anabolic reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Anabolic reactions generally require energy

Question 4

What is the standard free energy change ($$\Delta G$$^{\circ}$$) for the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP?

Accepted Answer

$$-30.5 kJ/$$mol

Question 5

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Question 6

Which step in glycolysis is considered the rate-limiting step?

Accepted Answer

The phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

Question 7

Which of the following is a possible fate of pyruvate catabolism after glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 8

Which enzyme is NOT involved in the synthesis of glycogen from glucose?

Accepted Answer

Phosphofructokinase-1

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the citric acid cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

GTP is formed during the conversion of succinyl-CoA to succinate

Question 10

Which reaction in the citric acid cycle is an example of substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Reaction 5

Question 11

What is the effect of uncoupling mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Halts mitochondrial ATP formation but allows continued O$$_2$$ consumption

Question 12

Which shuttle mechanism for transporting cytoplasmic NADH into the mitochondria generates the greatest amount of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Malate-aspartate shuttle

Question 13

Which metabolite regulates the activity of carnitine acyl transferase I?

Accepted Answer

Malonyl-CoA

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT produced during fasting or starvation?

Accepted Answer

Acetaldehyde

Question 15

If a person's urine contains unusually high concentrations of urea, which one of the following diets has he or she probably been eating recently?

Accepted Answer

Very low carbohydrate, very high protein

Question 16

The alpha amino group of a muscle amino acid is transferred to α-ketoglutarate by an enzyme that uses which cofactor?

Accepted Answer

PLP

Question 17

Which of the following equations correctly relates the standard free energy change to the equilibrium constant?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G'^{\circ} = -RT \ln K'_{eq}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the chemiosmotic theory for coupling oxidation to phosphorylation in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane drives ATP synthesis

Question 19

Which enzyme catalyzes the deamination of glutamine to glutamate?

Accepted Answer

Glutaminase

Question 20

Which of the following is a key regulatory enzyme in the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

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