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Test Crosses definitions Flashcards

Test Crosses definitions
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  • Pea Color
    The genetic trait determining the seed color in pea plants, where yellow is dominant (Y) and green is recessive (y), used to study inheritance patterns.
  • Genotype
    The genetic makeup of an organism, consisting of the alleles inherited from both parents, determining specific traits.
  • Phenotype
    Observable traits of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genetic makeup and environmental influences.
  • Test Cross
    A genetic cross between an organism with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive organism to determine the unknown genotype based on offspring phenotypes.
  • Punnett Square
    A grid used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a cross between two organisms, showing how alleles combine from each parent.
  • Homozygous Dominant
    Having two identical dominant alleles for a specific gene, resulting in the expression of the dominant trait.
  • Heterozygous
    Having two different alleles for a specific gene, one dominant and one recessive, resulting in a mixed genotype.
  • Homozygous Recessive
    An organism with two identical recessive alleles for a specific trait, resulting in the expression of the recessive phenotype.
  • Allele
    A variant form of a gene at a specific locus on a chromosome, responsible for different traits, such as pea color, which can be dominant or recessive.
  • Offspring
    The biological descendants resulting from the genetic combination of two parent organisms.