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ch. 12

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  • autosome

    any chromosome that's not a sex chromosome. appears in identical pairs in diploid cells

  • centromere

    region in the middle of sister chromatids that binds the two together

  • what is a kinetochore where is it located

    protein structure located on centromere region

  • homolog

    gene, protein or chromosome that share a common ancestor

  • what is a chromatid, where is it located

    a single, unduplicated chromosome. relaxed, unwound and accessible. located in nucleus , used in S phase

  • ploidy

    the number of chromosome pairs in a cell

  • diploid

    2 sets of chromosomes, somatic cells, 2n

  • haploid

    1 set of chromosomes, n, gametes (germ cells, egg and sperm)

  • cyclin and cdk

    receptor-ligand complex that greenlights checkpoints