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Chapter #12

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  • Mitosis

    A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.

  • Meiosis

    A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.

  • Somatic Cells

    Any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells.

  • Gametes

    A mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.

  • Chromatin

    The material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed, consisting of protein, RNA, and DNA.

  • Chromosomes

    A threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.

  • Centromere

    The region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division.

  • Sister Chromatids

    Identical copies of a single chromosome, formed during DNA replication, and are crucial for accurate chromosome segregation during cell division.