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Chapter 223

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  • The fossil record shows evidence of

    Macroevolution

  • Macroevolution

    Broad changes above the species level

  • The emergence of terrestrial vertebrates, the impact of mass extinctions, and the origin of key adaptations, such as flight in birds

    Examples of macroevolution

  • Layers of strata make up

    Sedimentary rocks

  • Sedimentary rocks are the

    Richest source of fossils

  • Fossil record is biased in favor of species that

    Existed for a long time, were abundant and widespread, and had hard parts

  • Radiometric dating

    Determines the absolute ages of fossils

  • Radiocarbon dating can be uses to date fossils up to _____ years old

    75,000

  • Geologic record

    A standard time scale dividing Earth’s history into the Hadean, Archaean, the Proterozoic, and the Phanerozoic eons.

  • The Phanerozoic is divided into three eras:

    Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic

  • The earliest autotrophs would have performed _____, not photosynthesis

    Chemosynthesis

  • The earliest autotrophs would have used _____ instead of light to make sugar and other “food”.

    Hydrogen sulfide

  • Serial endosymbiosis

    Supposes that mitochondria evolved before plastids through a sequence of endosymbiotic events.