Question 1

Which of the following best describes a categorical (qualitative) variable?

Accepted Answer

A variable that takes on categories as its values, such as 'yes', 'no', or 'blue'.

Question 2

Which measurement scale classifies data into distinct categories in which no ranking is implied?

Accepted Answer

Nominal scale

Question 3

A researcher records the time (in seconds) it takes for customers to be served at a fast food restaurant. What type of variable is this?

Accepted Answer

Numerical (continuous)

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a population parameter?

Accepted Answer

The average salary of all employees in a company.

Question 5

A survey asks respondents to rate their satisfaction as 'Very dissatisfied', 'Somewhat dissatisfied', 'Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied', 'Somewhat satisfied', or 'Very satisfied'. What measurement scale is used?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Question 6

Which sampling method divides the population into subgroups and then takes a simple random sample from each subgroup?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 7

A company wants to estimate the average number of defects per batch in its factory. It selects every 10th batch from the production line for inspection. What type of sampling is this?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Question 8

Which of the following is a potential source of measurement error in a survey?

Accepted Answer

Asking leading questions that influence responses

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a ratio scale?

Accepted Answer

An ordered scale with meaningful differences and a true zero point.

Question 10

A market researcher uses focus groups to collect unstructured responses to open-ended questions. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

An observational study

Question 11

Which of the following is a key advantage of cluster sampling compared to simple random sampling?

Accepted Answer

It is more cost effective.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a nonprobability sample?

Accepted Answer

Selecting survey respondents who are easiest to reach

Question 13

Which of the following is a primary source of data?

Accepted Answer

Data collected from an experiment you conducted

Question 14

A researcher combines two datasets and finds that the same individual appears twice. What type of data error is this?

Accepted Answer

Data integration error

Question 15

Which of the following is an ethical issue related to survey design?

Accepted Answer

Using coverage error to purposely bias results

Question 16

Suppose you want to study the average time students spend on homework per week. You randomly select 100 students from a university. Which of the following best describes the 100 students?

Accepted Answer

Sample

Question 17

Which of the following is a common reason for recoding a variable after data collection?

Accepted Answer

To create mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories

Question 18

A survey is conducted using a list of registered voters, but some eligible voters are not on the list. What type of survey error is this?

Accepted Answer

Coverage error

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between an observational study and a designed experiment?

Accepted Answer

A designed experiment involves direct control over which items receive the treatment.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of a discrete numerical variable?

Accepted Answer

Number of employees in a company

Defining and Collecting Data: Foundations of Business Statistics

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards