Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a discrete variable?

Accepted Answer

The number of cars sold by a dealership in a day

Question 2

A researcher wants to classify survey responses as 'agree', 'neutral', or 'disagree'. Which measurement scale is being used?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal scale

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a population parameter?

Accepted Answer

A summary measure describing a characteristic of the entire population

Question 4

A company wants to estimate the average salary of its employees. They randomly select 50 employees from a list of 500. What type of sample is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sample

Question 5

Which of the following is a potential source of measurement error in a survey?

Accepted Answer

Ambiguous wording in survey questions

Question 6

A sample statistic is used to estimate a population parameter. Which of the following equations best represents this relationship?

Accepted Answer

$\hat{\mu} \approx \mu$

Question 7

Which sampling method is most appropriate when you want to ensure representation from all major subgroups in a population?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 8

A survey is conducted at a shopping mall by asking people who are passing by. What type of sampling is this?

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a ratio scale?

Accepted Answer

It does not have a true zero point

Question 10

A researcher divides a city into districts and randomly selects three districts. All households in those districts are surveyed. What sampling method is used?

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 11

Which of the following errors occurs when some groups are excluded from the sampling frame and have no chance of being selected?

Accepted Answer

Coverage error (selection bias)

Question 12

A business analyst collects data from published government reports to analyze market trends. What type of data source is this?

Accepted Answer

Secondary source

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a continuous variable?

Accepted Answer

The weight of apples sold at a grocery store

Question 14

A systematic sample is obtained by selecting every $k$th individual from a list. If the population size $N = 200$ and the sample size $n = 20$, what is the value of $k$?

Accepted Answer

$k = 10$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about cluster sampling is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is more cost effective but less efficient than stratified sampling

Question 16

A survey is sent to 1,000 customers, but only 200 respond. Which type of error might this introduce?

Accepted Answer

Nonresponse error

Question 17

Which of the following is a key difference between interval and ratio scales?

Accepted Answer

Ratio scales have a true zero point, interval scales do not

Question 18

A market researcher wants to ensure that the sample reflects the proportion of males and females in the population. Which sampling method should be used?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a nominal scale variable?

Accepted Answer

The brand names of shoes owned by students

Question 20

If a sample is selected based on the opinions of pre-selected experts, which sampling method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Judgment sampling

Defining and Collecting Data in Business Statistics

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