Question 1

Which of the following best describes the First Law of Thermodynamics as it applies to biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

Question 2

A cell converts glucose to ATP during metabolism. Which type of metabolic pathway is primarily involved in this process?

Accepted Answer

Catabolic pathway

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the change in free energy ($$\Delta G) $$for a reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S$$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about enzymes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy and are not consumed.

Question 5

A competitive inhibitor affects enzyme activity by:

Accepted Answer

Binding to the active site and preventing substrate binding.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the effect of a non-competitive inhibitor on enzyme kinetics?

Accepted Answer

It decreases $$V_{max}$$ but does not affect $$K_m.$$

Question 7

If an enzyme exhibits cooperativity, what does this mean?

Accepted Answer

Binding of one substrate increases the enzyme's affinity for additional substrates.

Question 8

Given the following scenario: A fish has a metabolic rate of 120 J/min at 10°C and 240 J/min at 20°C. What is the Q$$_{10}$$ coefficient for this metabolic process?

Accepted Answer

$$Q_{10} = \frac{240}{120} = 2$$

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

It increases the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy.

Question 11

Which term describes the energy required to initiate a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Activation energy

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about the Michaelis-Menten constant ($$K_m$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$K_m is $$the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is half of $$V_{max}.$$

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an anabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of proteins from amino acids

Question 14

Which enzyme classification is responsible for transferring phosphate groups?

Accepted Answer

Kinase

Question 15

A reaction has $$\Delta G \u003c 0. $$What does this indicate about the reaction?

Accepted Answer

The reaction is spontaneous and releases energy.

Question 16

Which of the following is a plausible effect of increasing temperature on enzyme activity, according to the Q$$_{10}$$ concept?

Accepted Answer

The rate of reaction approximately doubles for every 10°C increase.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes alter the equilibrium of the reaction.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes feedback inhibition in enzyme regulation?

Accepted Answer

The end product of a pathway inhibits an earlier enzyme in the pathway.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a hydrolase enzyme?

Accepted Answer

An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP.

Cell Biology Study Guide: Metabolism, ATP, and Enzyme Kinetics

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