Q: Which of the following correctly describes the flow of genetic information in a cell?

$$\text{DNA} \rightarrow \text{RNA} \rightarrow \text{Protein}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between dehydration and hydrolysis reactions in the formation and breakdown of macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration reactions remove water to join monomers into polymers, while hydrolysis adds water to break polymers into monomers.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a class of biological macromolecule found in living cells?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Question 3

A protein’s tertiary structure is primarily stabilized by which of the following interactions?

Accepted Answer

Interactions among side chains (R groups), including hydrophobic interactions, ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and disulfide bridges

Question 4

Which of the following correctly matches the monomer with its corresponding macromolecule?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotides — Nucleic acids

Question 5

Which of the following is a structural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 6

Which statement about saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds and are typically liquid at room temperature.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are considered biological catalysts?

Accepted Answer

They increase the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Question 8

Which of the following base pairs is stabilized by three hydrogen bonds in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Guanine–Cytosine

Question 9

A mutation changes a hydrophobic amino acid in the interior of a globular protein to a hydrophilic one. What is the most likely effect on the protein’s structure?

Accepted Answer

The protein may misfold or lose its functional conformation.

Question 10

Which of the following correctly describes the flow of genetic information in a cell?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{RNA} ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar.

Question 12

Which of the following is true about the structure of a phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

It contains two fatty acid chains, a glycerol backbone, and a phosphate group.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of defensive proteins in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Protecting against disease

Question 14

Which of the following statements about glycogen is correct?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen is stored mainly in liver and muscle cells in animals.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Question 16

Which of the following is a purine base found in nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Adenine

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why cellulose cannot be digested by humans?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack enzymes to hydrolyze $$\beta-$$glycosidic linkages in cellulose.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It is a precursor for steroid hormone synthesis.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about protein domains?

Accepted Answer

Domains are discrete, locally folded units of tertiary structure, often with specific functions.

Question 20

A dehydration reaction between two glucose molecules forms which type of bond?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic linkage

Chapter 3: The Macromolecules of the Cell – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards