Q: Which of the following is a coupled transporter that uses the energy from Na\textsuperscript{+} moving down its gradient to transport glucose against its gradient?

Na\textsuperscript{+}/glucose symporter

Question 1

Which property of the lipid bilayer primarily determines the rate at which a molecule can diffuse across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

The molecule's polarity and size

Question 2

A patient is given a drug that inhibits the Na	extsuperscript{+}/K	extsuperscript{+} ATPase pump. What immediate effect would this have on the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell would lose its ability to maintain ionic gradients across the membrane

Question 3

Which equation best describes the net movement of water during osmosis across a semi-permeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$J = L_p (\Delta P - \Delta \pi)$$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about channel proteins is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They allow passive movement of ions down their concentration gradient

Question 5

A glucose transporter moves glucose into a cell by binding glucose and undergoing a conformational change. This process is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why hydrophilic (polar) molecules require transport proteins to cross the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

The hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer prevents polar molecules from diffusing through

Question 7

Which of the following is a coupled transporter that uses the energy from Na	extsuperscript{+} moving down its gradient to transport glucose against its gradient?

Accepted Answer

Na	extsuperscript{+}/glucose symporter

Question 8

Which of the following scenarios would most likely result in a plant cell becoming turgid?

Accepted Answer

Placing the cell in a hypotonic solution

Question 9

A channel protein that selectively allows K	extsuperscript{+} ions to pass but not Na	extsuperscript{+} ions is most likely to achieve this selectivity by:

Accepted Answer

Having negatively charged carboxyl groups in the channel pore

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing ATP from glucose

Question 11

If a red blood cell is placed in a solution with lower solute concentration than its cytoplasm, what will happen?

Accepted Answer

Water will enter the cell, causing it to swell and possibly burst

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between uniporters, symporters, and antiporters?

Accepted Answer

Uniporters transport one molecule, symporters transport two molecules in the same direction, antiporters transport two molecules in opposite directions

Question 13

Which energy source is primarily used by the Na	extsuperscript{+}/K	extsuperscript{+} pump?

Accepted Answer

ATP hydrolysis

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE about facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

It moves molecules down their concentration gradient without energy input

Question 15

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What is the expected outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will lose water and shrink

Question 16

Which of the following transport mechanisms requires a conformational change in the protein for each molecule transported?

Accepted Answer

Carrier-mediated transport

Question 17

Which equation describes the rate of simple diffusion of a solute across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$J = -D \frac{\Delta C}{\Delta x}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of secondary active transport?

Accepted Answer

The Na	extsuperscript{+}/glucose symporter in intestinal epithelial cells

Question 19

Which of the following statements about aquaporins is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

They facilitate rapid water movement across the cell membrane

Membrane Transport and Water Movement in Cell Biology

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