Skip to main content
Back

GOB Chemistry Test 1 Review Flashcards

Control buttons has been changed to "navigation" mode.
1/20
  • What are the three states of matter?

    The three states of matter are solids, liquids, and gases.

  • How do you classify matter?

    Matter is classified as pure substances or mixtures. Pure substances include elements and compounds. Mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous.

  • What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

    A physical change alters the form or appearance without changing composition. A chemical change results in a new substance with different properties.

  • Name the processes involved in changes of state between solids, liquids, and gases.

    Changes of state include freezing, melting, boiling, condensation, evaporation, sublimation, and deposition.

  • What is specific heat?

    Specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.

  • What information can a heating or cooling curve provide?

    A heating or cooling curve shows temperature changes and phase changes of a substance as heat is added or removed, including plateaus at phase transitions.

  • List five elements and their chemical symbols from the provided list.

    Examples: Aluminum (Al), Carbon (C), Oxygen (O), Gold (Au), Nitrogen (N).

  • What are the components of the Periodic Table?

    The Periodic Table is organized into periods (rows), groups (columns), and includes metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.

  • What are common characteristics of metals?

    Metals are typically lustrous, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity.

  • What are common characteristics of nonmetals?

    Nonmetals are usually brittle when solid, lack luster, and are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

  • What defines metalloids?

    Metalloids have properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals and are semiconductors.

  • What is atomic theory?

    Atomic theory states that matter is composed of atoms, which are the smallest units of elements retaining their properties.

  • What are the parts of an atom and their charges?

    Atoms consist of protons (+1 charge), neutrons (neutral), and electrons (-1 charge).

  • How do you determine atomic number, mass number, and atomic mass?

    Atomic number = number of protons; mass number = protons + neutrons; atomic mass is the weighted average of isotopes.

  • What is electron configuration?

    Electron configuration describes the arrangement of electrons in an atom's shells and subshells.

  • What are shells, subshells, and orbitals in electron arrangement?

    Shells are energy levels, subshells are divisions within shells (s, p, d, f), and orbitals are regions where electrons are likely found.

  • What are the periodic trends for atomic size?

    Atomic size decreases across a period and increases down a group in the Periodic Table.

  • How does ionization energy trend on the Periodic Table?

    Ionization energy generally increases across a period and decreases down a group.

  • What is metallic character and its trend on the Periodic Table?

    Metallic character decreases across a period and increases down a group.

  • Why is the Periodic Table important in chemistry?

    The Periodic Table organizes elements by increasing atomic number and similar properties, helping predict element behavior.