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L 10) Biological reactions

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Terms in this set (8)

  • Enzymes

    Biological catalyst

  • Substrates

    The reaction (product) of an enzyme catalyzed reaction

    • Substrate runs into enzyme --> product

  • Turnover number

    How many times a single enzyme molecule can turn substrates into product in one second

    • (how fast the enzyme works)

  • Cofactor

    A non-protein molecule that acts as a "chemical helper" to kickstart or assist an enzyme's job.

    • binds to the protein and is required for catalysis

  • Coenzyme

    Organic cofactors that are found in redox enzymes

    • EX: vitamins & derivatives of vitamins

    • (paired with cofactors → coenzyme gets oxidized/reduced in this reaction)

  • Apoenzyme

    incomplete, inactive enzyme that needs a helper molecule to start working.

    • Just the protein part of the enzyme

    • (no coenzyme/cofactor)

  • Holoenzyme

    A ready to go enzyme (catalytically active)

    • An Apoenzyme with its coenzyme/cofactor

  • Active site

    The pocket in an enzyme where chemical reactions (catalysis) happens

    • where the substrate binds