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Lecture 10 questions

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Terms in this set (7)

  • what are enzymes?

    • A biological catalyst (protein/RNA)

    • ends in -ase

  • What is the difference between specific and nonspecific enzymes?

    specific: The enzyme (the key) can ONLY fit into a specific active site (lock)

    nonspecific: An enzyme (key) that is flexible and looks for general commonalities to fit the active site (lock)

  • Describe the induced fit model and how it shows substate binding.

    it shows how the active sites are more flexible rather than rigid

    • can mold to fit different types of enzymes/substrates

  • How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

    Temp:

    low = molecules slow --> reaction slow (little interactions between enzyme/substrates)

    High (denaturation) = molecules too fast --> reaction too fast (enzymes are destroyed permanently

  • How does pH affect enzyme activity?

    Normal = sweet spot, normal pH level for that specific enzyme

    High/low = changes the electrical charge/changes shape of enzyme

    • makes it harder for enzyme to hold onto substrate

    Extreme pH = very strong acids/bases break the enzymes structure (denatures it)

  • How does enzyme concentration affect enzyme activity?

    Increased enzymes = faster reaction

    • more enzyme molecules = more "hands" to latch on to substrates

  • How does substrate concentration affect enzyme activity?

    Small amount = enzyme latches quicker

    • less M&Ms, fixed # of "hands", faster process

    High amount = enzyme latches quick but less efficient

    • More M&Ms, fixed # of "hands", slower process