Which statement best represents Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment?

Which of the following events explains the principle of segregation and the principle of independent assortment?

A plant is heterozygous for two genes that are present on different chromosomes. The first gene determines flower color, with alleles P (purple) and p (white). The second gene determines the height of the plant, with alleles T (tall) and t (short). Determine the different types of gametes that this plant can produce.

In a cross between two heterozygous parents (AaBb x AaBb), what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

Assume that in a family, the mother is a carrier of hemophilia and the father is normal. One of their sons suffers from hemophilia, while the other is completely normal. One of their daughters is also a carrier, and the other is normal. In this case, the allele associated with hemophilia is _________.