Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the three subatomic particles of an atom and their respective charges?

Accepted Answer

Proton (positive), Neutron (neutral), Electron (negative)

Question 2

What does the atomic number of an element represent?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons in the nucleus

Question 3

What is the primary function of valence electrons in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

They are responsible for the formation of chemical bonds

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with an uneven distribution of charge due to unequal sharing of electrons

Question 5

Which equation represents a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + C_6H_{12}O_6$ \rightarrow C$$_{12}$$H_{22}O$$_{11} + H_2O$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the pH scale?

Accepted Answer

A scale that measures the concentration of hydrogen ions, ranging from 0 (acidic) to 14 (basic)

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct description of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A molecule made of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of an inorganic compound?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$H_2O)$$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes an isomer?

Accepted Answer

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements

Question 10

Which of the following correctly lists the three main types of chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic, covalent, hydrogen

Question 11

What is a triglyceride made of?

Accepted Answer

Three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule

Question 12

In DNA, which bases are complementary?

Accepted Answer

Adenine and thymine, guanine and cytosine

Question 13

What does the atomic mass number tell us?

Accepted Answer

The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Question 14

How are saturated fats different from unsaturated fats?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats have only single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds

Question 15

Which of the following is a nucleic acid base that pairs with adenine in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Thymine

Question 16

What pH value indicates a weak acid?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 6$$

Question 17

Which of the following is true about dehydration synthesis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

It forms polymers from monomers by removing water

Question 18

A patient has a blood pH of 7.2. How would you classify this condition?

Accepted Answer

Mild acidosis

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

It has a bent shape and unequal sharing of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct multi-step calculation for the atomic mass of an atom with 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons?

Accepted Answer

$$6 + 6 = 12$$

Anatomy & Physiology: Chemistry Foundations Study Guide

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