$$2.5 \div 2.54 = 0.98 \ \text{inches}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes net diffusion across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, without requiring energy.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell, and why?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and possibly burst because water will move into the cell by osmosis.

Question 3

Which of the following factors does NOT directly affect the rate of osmosis across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

The presence of mitochondria in the cell

Question 4

Which part of the microscope is responsible for adjusting the amount of light that reaches the specimen?

Accepted Answer

Iris diaphragm

Question 5

If a specimen is 2.5 centimeters long, what is its length in inches? (Use $$1 \ 	ext{inch} = 2.54 \ 	ext{cm})$$

Accepted Answer

$$2.5 \div 2.54 = 0.98 \ 	ext{inches}$$

Question 6

Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 7

A cell is observed to have an extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum. What is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of large amounts of proteins for export

Question 8

During which stage of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 9

Which of the following correctly lists the stages of mitosis in order?

Accepted Answer

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 10

A patient has a connective tissue injury in a tendon. Which type of connective tissue is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue

Question 11

Which connective tissue type is specialized for energy storage and insulation?

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue

Question 12

A scientist observes a cell with a large central vacuole, a cell wall, and chloroplasts. Which type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why osmosis is considered a type of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

It moves water molecules down their concentration gradient without energy input.

Question 14

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 15

A student is using a microscope with a 10x ocular lens and a 40x objective lens. What is the total magnification?

Accepted Answer

$$10 	imes 40 = 400	imes$$

Question 16

Which connective tissue type forms the framework of the spleen and lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Reticular connective tissue

Question 17

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of net osmosis?

Accepted Answer

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution, causing water to move out of the cell.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of lysosomes in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of cellular waste and foreign material

Question 19

During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes align at the cell's equator?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 20

Which connective tissue type is found at the ends of long bones, providing smooth surfaces for joint movement?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Anatomy & Physiology Exam 1 Study Guide: Cell Biology, Microscopy, and Connective Tissues

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