Question 1

Which of the following best describes the principle of complementarity in anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

The function of a body part depends on its structure.

Question 2

A patient presents with pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Which organ is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Appendix

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for maintaining life in humans?

Accepted Answer

Inertia

Question 4

Which feedback mechanism is responsible for amplifying a physiological change rather than reversing it?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the hierarchical levels of structural organization in the human body from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 6

Which of the following is a major element found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Carbon

Question 7

What is the difference between an ionic and a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve transferring electrons; covalent bonds involve sharing electrons.

Question 8

Which type of chemical reaction is represented by the equation $$ \mathrm{AB} \rightarrow \mathrm{A} + \mathrm{B} $$?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition reaction

Question 9

A solution has a pH of 3. Which of the following best describes this solution?

Accepted Answer

It is acidic.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the complementary base pairing in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A pairs with T, C pairs with G

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of ATP in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Provides energy for cellular processes

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds; unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of proteins into amino acids during digestion

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Three-dimensional folding of a single polypeptide chain

Question 15

Which of the following is true about enzymes?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy of reactions.

Question 16

A buffer system in the blood helps maintain pH by:

Accepted Answer

Resisting changes in pH by neutralizing acids and bases

Question 17

Which of the following is a polysaccharide important for energy storage in humans?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains thymine; RNA contains uracil.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of an exchange reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{AB} + \mathrm{CD} \rightarrow \mathrm{AD} + \mathrm{CB} $$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of hydrogen bonds in biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

They stabilize the secondary and tertiary structures of proteins and nucleic acids.

Anatomy & Physiology: Foundational Concepts and Chemical Basis

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