Number of neutrons $$= \text{mass number} - \text{atomic number}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy focuses on the structure of body parts, while physiology focuses on how those parts work.

Question 2

Which organ system is primarily responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and wastes throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Circulatory system

Question 3

A scientist is studying the structure of the ribosome, nucleus, and mitochondria in a cell. Which branch of anatomy is she most likely using?

Accepted Answer

Microscopic anatomy

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the relationship between atomic number and the number of protons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number equals the number of protons.

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct example of a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 6

A patient is given a hypotonic solution intravenously. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells will swell and may burst due to water influx.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the number of neutrons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

Number of neutrons $$= 	ext{mass number} - 	ext{atomic number}$$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids are essential for cell membrane structure?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, allowing them to form a bilayer.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Contraction to produce movement

Question 11

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will shrink as water leaves the cell.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

Transcription $$\rightarrow$$ Translation

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion uses membrane proteins to transport substances, while simple diffusion does not.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct example of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 15

Which of the following is a major function of the nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Transmission of electrical impulses

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for the formation of a water molecule from hydrogen and oxygen?

Accepted Answer

$$2H_2 + O_2$ \rightarrow 2H_2O$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes synthesize proteins by translating mRNA.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of a polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are specific to their substrates?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes have active sites that fit only specific substrates due to their shape.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a major tissue type found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue

Anatomy & Physiology: Foundational Concepts and Learning Objectives

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