Q: Which formula correctly represents the calculation of body surface area (BSA) using the Mosteller formula, often used in clinical settings to assess burn severity?

$$BSA = \sqrt{\frac{Height\ (cm) \times Weight\ (kg)}{3600}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of epithelial tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Covering body surfaces and lining internal cavities to provide protection and selective permeability

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that has destroyed both the epidermis and the entire dermis. Which type of tissue is primarily affected, and what is the most immediate concern?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue; increased risk of infection and dehydration

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct description of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

The ECM consists of ground substance and protein fibers, providing structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells.

Question 4

Which formula correctly represents the calculation of body surface area (BSA) using the Mosteller formula, often used in clinical settings to assess burn severity?

Accepted Answer

$$BSA = \sqrt{\frac{Height\ (cm) 	imes Weight\ (kg)}{3600}}$$

Question 5

A biopsy reveals a tumor composed of cells that produce keratin and originate from the epidermis. Which type of skin cancer is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 6

Which of the following best explains the difference between serous and mucous membranes?

Accepted Answer

Serous membranes secrete a watery fluid to reduce friction between organs, while mucous membranes secrete mucus to trap pathogens and particles.

Question 7

Which cell type is responsible for producing melanin in the skin, and what is the primary function of melanin?

Accepted Answer

Melanocyte; protects against ultraviolet (UV) radiation

Question 8

A patient has a genetic disorder affecting the structure of collagen fibers in connective tissue. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Fragile skin and hypermobile joints

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the layers of the epidermis is correct?

Accepted Answer

The stratum basale contains actively dividing cells that replenish the epidermis.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of tight junctions between epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

They prevent leakage of substances between cells, maintaining selective barriers.

Question 11

A patient suffers a deep laceration that damages both the epidermis and dermis. Which process is most critical for tissue repair in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation followed by proliferation of fibroblasts and deposition of new extracellular matrix

Question 12

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of cardiac muscle tissue compared to skeletal muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle cells are striated and connected by intercalated discs for synchronized contraction

Question 13

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of the percentage of body burned using the 'Rule of Nines' in adults?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Total Burned Area} = 	ext{Sum of percentages for each affected region}$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of neurons in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Neurons transmit electrical signals to coordinate body functions

Question 15

A patient is diagnosed with a disorder that impairs the function of exocrine glands. Which symptom is most likely to be observed?

Accepted Answer

Reduced secretion of sweat and digestive enzymes

Question 16

Which of the following statements about connective tissue is correct?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue consists of cells embedded in an abundant extracellular matrix and provides support, protection, and transport.

Question 17

Which process is responsible for the growth and repair of hair and nails?

Accepted Answer

Cell division in the matrix region at the base of hair follicles and nail beds

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the dermal papillae in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Increasing surface area for exchange of nutrients and anchoring the epidermis to the dermis

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of the integumentary system in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

It maintains body temperature, protects against pathogens, and prevents water loss.

Question 20

A patient presents with jaundice, a yellowing of the skin. Which pigment is most likely responsible for this condition?

Accepted Answer

Bilirubin

Anatomy & Physiology: Histology and the Integumentary System Study Guide

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