Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

It allows movement, maintains posture, and produces heat.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing difficulty maintaining stable internal body temperature despite changes in the external environment. Which physiological principle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Release of insulin to lower blood glucose after a meal

Question 4

Which chemical bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 5

A solution has a pH of 5. Which statement is correct regarding its acidity?

Accepted Answer

It is acidic because pH is below 7 and hydrogen ions outnumber hydroxide ions.

Question 6

Which process breaks down polymers into monomers by adding water molecules?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the structure of a phospholipid in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

It has polar heads and nonpolar tails arranged in a bilayer.

Question 8

Which type of protein structure involves multiple polypeptide chains forming a functional protein?

Accepted Answer

Quaternary structure

Question 9

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are globular proteins that act as biological catalysts.

Question 10

Which of the following is a difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is double stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of hormones

Question 12

Which type of cell junction prevents molecules from passing through the extracellular spaces between adjacent cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 13

Which process uses energy from ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Primary active transport

Question 14

Which of the following reactions releases energy?

Accepted Answer

Exergonic reaction

Question 15

A molecule of glucose is broken down into smaller molecules during cellular respiration. Which type of chemical reaction is this?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition reaction

Question 16

Which property of water allows it to dissolve many substances, making it an effective solvent in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Polar solvent properties

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a monomer?

Accepted Answer

A simple building block of larger molecules, such as glucose

Question 18

Which organ system is responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular system

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of ATP in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Transfers energy for cell metabolism, muscle contraction, and regeneration

Question 20

A patient has a blood pH of 7.2. Which of the following best describes their condition?

Accepted Answer

Acidic, because pH is below 7 and hydrogen ions outnumber hydroxide ions.

Anatomy & Physiology: Introductory Concepts and Biochemistry Study Guide

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