Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of body surface area (BSA) using the Mosteller formula, which is important in assessing burn severity?

$$BSA = \sqrt{\frac{height\ (cm) \times weight\ (kg)}{3600}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of homeostasis in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

The maintenance of a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment.

Question 2

A patient presents with cyanosis, which is a bluish discoloration of the skin. What is the most likely underlying physiological cause?

Accepted Answer

Decreased oxygenation of hemoglobin in the blood.

Question 3

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections?

Accepted Answer

Frontal (coronal) plane

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct example of a positive feedback loop in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting after injury

Question 5

A neuron receives an electrical signal at its dendrites and sends it away through which part?

Accepted Answer

Axon

Question 6

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the production of new keratinocytes?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 7

Which connective tissue type is characterized by a matrix rich in collagen fibers and is found in tendons and ligaments?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue

Question 8

A burn patient does not initially feel pain in the area of a third-degree burn. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

Nerve endings in the affected area are destroyed.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of the arrector pili muscle?

Accepted Answer

Contracts to cause hair to stand upright (goosebumps).

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of body surface area (BSA) using the Mosteller formula, which is important in assessing burn severity?

Accepted Answer

$$BSA = \sqrt{\frac{height\ (cm) 	imes weight\ (kg)}{3600}}$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a specialized feature of pseudostratified columnar epithelium found in the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Presence of cilia and goblet cells for mucus secretion

Question 12

Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight and is essential for calcium absorption?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why populations living near the equator tend to have higher melanin production?

Accepted Answer

To protect against ultraviolet (UV) radiation damage

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct example of a gradient in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Movement of oxygen from high concentration in alveoli to low concentration in blood

Question 15

Which of the following cell junctions is most important for preventing leakage between epithelial cells in the intestines?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 16

Which connective tissue fiber type provides elasticity to tissues such as the skin and lungs?

Accepted Answer

Elastic fibers

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete products onto epithelial surfaces; endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Question 18

Which of the following muscle tissue types is under voluntary control and characterized by striations?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 19

A patient with albinism lacks which pigment, resulting in very light skin and hair?

Accepted Answer

Melanin

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of sebum produced by sebaceous glands?

Accepted Answer

Lubricates and waterproofs the skin and hair

Anatomy & Physiology: Introductory Study Guide (Modules 1–3)

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard