Question 1

Which of the following best describes a synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

A joint enclosed by a capsule filled with synovial fluid, allowing free movement

Question 2

A patient presents with pain and swelling in the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Uric acid crystals are found in the synovial fluid. Which type of arthritis is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Gouty arthritis

Question 3

Which ligament is responsible for stabilizing the lateral surface of the elbow joint?

Accepted Answer

Radial collateral ligament

Question 4

Which of the following movements describes abduction at a synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

Movement away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane

Question 5

A football player suffers a knee injury. MRI shows damage to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). What is the primary function of the ACL?

Accepted Answer

To attach the femur to the tibia and limit anterior movement of the tibia

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why the shoulder joint is more prone to dislocation than the hip joint?

Accepted Answer

The shoulder joint has a loose joint capsule and a shallow glenoid cavity

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of synovial fluid?

Accepted Answer

Providing lubrication, nutrient distribution, and shock absorption

Question 8

A gymnast performing a split is demonstrating which type of movement at the hip joint?

Accepted Answer

Abduction

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a symphysis?

Accepted Answer

A joint where bones are connected by a pad of fibrocartilage

Question 10

Which movement is unique to the thumb and allows humans to grasp objects?

Accepted Answer

Opposition

Question 11

A patient with a herniated intervertebral disc is most likely experiencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The nucleus pulposus breaking through the anulus fibrosus and compressing spinal nerves

Question 12

Which of the following ligaments is continuous with the ligamentum nuchae and connects the tips of the spinous processes from C7 to the sacrum?

Accepted Answer

Supraspinous ligament

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the movement of pronation at the forearm?

Accepted Answer

Rotation of the forearm so the radius crosses over the ulna and the palm faces posteriorly

Question 14

Which of the following is a structural classification of a joint that is held together by cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Cartilaginous

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of joint type and example?

Accepted Answer

Gomphosis — joint between a tooth and its bony socket

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why immobilization of a joint can lead to degenerative changes?

Accepted Answer

Immobilization reduces the flow of synovial fluid, leading to cartilage degeneration

Question 17

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the range of motion (ROM) and the number of axes a synovial joint can move around?

Accepted Answer

$$ROM \propto n_{axes}$$

Question 18

A patient is unable to perform plantar flexion at the ankle. Which movement is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Pointing the toes downward

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of the function of the acetabular labrum in the hip joint?

Accepted Answer

It increases the depth of the joint cavity and seals in synovial fluid

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between a synarthrosis and a diarthrosis?

Accepted Answer

A synarthrosis is immovable, while a diarthrosis is freely movable

Anatomy & Physiology: Joints (Articulations) – Structure, Function, and Classification

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